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| issue = Zorka, Princess of Serbia Milica, Grand Duchess of Russia Anastasia, Grand Duchess of Russia Danilo, Crown Prince of Montenegro Elena, Queen of Italy Anna, Princess Francis Joseph of Battenberg Prince Mirko Princess Xenia of Montenegro Prince Peter |issue-link = #Children | house = House of Petrović-Njegoš | royal anthem = Ubavoj nam Crnoj Gori | father = Mirko Petrović-Njegoš | mother = Anastasija Martinović | birth_date = | birth_place = Njeguši, Montenegro | death_date = | death_place = Cap d'Antibes, France | place of burial = Cetinje, the Chapel of Cipur | religion = Orthodox Christian | nationality = Serbian | signature = Signature of Nicholas I Petrović-Njegoš.jpg }} Nicholas I Mirkov Petrovich-Nyegosh (, Serbian Latin: Nikola I Mirkov Petrović-Njegoš) ( – 1 March 1921) was the ruler of Montenegro from 1860 to 1918, reigning as sovereign prince from 1860 to 1910 and as king from 1910 to 1918. ==Early life== Nikola was born in the village of Njeguši, the ancient home of the reigning House of Petrović. His father, Mirko Petrović-Njegoš, a celebrated Montenegrin warrior, was elder brother to Danilo I of Montenegro, who left no male offspring. After 1696, when the dignity of Vladika, or prince-bishop, became hereditary in the Petrović family, the sovereign power had descended from uncle to nephew, the Vladikas belonging to the order of the black clergy (i.e., monastic clergy) who are forbidden to marry. A change was introduced by Danilo I, who declined the episcopal office, married and declared the principality hereditary in the direct male line. Mirko Petrović-Njegoš having renounced his claim to the throne, his son was nominated heir-presumptive, and the old system of succession was thus accidentally continued. Prince Nikola, who had been trained from infancy in martial and athletic exercises, spent a portion of his early boyhood at Trieste in the household of the Kustic family, to which his aunt, the princess Darinka, wife of Danilo II, belonged. The princess was an ardent francophile, and at her suggestion the young heir-presumptive of the vladikas was sent to the Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris. Unlike his contemporary, King Milan of Serbia, Prince Nikola was little influenced in his tastes and habits by his Parisian education; the young highlander, whose keen patriotism, capability for leadership and poetic talents early displayed themselves, showed no inclination for the pleasures of the French capital, and eagerly looked forward to returning to his native land. Nikola was a member of the "United Serbian Youth" (Уједињена омладина српска) during its existence (1866–1871).〔Matica srpska (Novi Sad, Serbia) Zbornik za istoriju, Volume 2, Odeljenje za društvene nauke, Matica srpska, 1970, p. 191: "У том смислу занимљиви су прилози: Николе Петровића, Историјско лес- то, улога и значај Уједин>ене омладине ..."〕〔Jelena Danilović: Sto godina Opšteg imovinskog zakonika za Crnu Goru, Arhiv za pravne i društvene nauke, 1–2, 2006, str. 233〕 After the organization was prohibited in the Principality of Serbia and Austro-Hungary, the "Association for Serb Liberation and Unification" (Дружина за ослобођење и уједињење српско) was established by Nicholas, Marko Popović, Simo Popović, Mašo Vrbica, Vasa Pelagić, and more, in Cetinje (1871).〔Миодраг Јовичић, Лексикон уставности Србије 1804–1918〕〔Istorijski institut SR Crne Gore u Titogradu 1990, Istoriski zapisi, Volume 63, Istorijski institut u Titogradu, pp. 40–41〕〔Мартиновић, Нико С. (1954) "Валтазар Богишић и Уједињена омладина српска Зборник" ("Belshazzar Bogišić and the United Serbian Youth") ''Матице српске'' (''Matica Srpska''), volume 9, pages 26–44, in Serbian〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nicholas I of Montenegro」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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